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Florence, South Carolina is situated in Florence County and is the seat of that county. It was founded as a railroad hub as the junction of the Wilmington and Manchester, the Northeastern, and the Cheraw and Darlington Railroads. The city was chartered in 1871 and incorporated in 1890. The city is named in honor of the daughter of the Wilmington and Manchester Railroad president General W. W. Harllee, Florence. It served as a transportation hub and railroad repair center for the Confederacy during the Civil War, and it was the location of the Florence Stockade, a prisoner of war camp which held approximately 18,000 Union prisoners. More than 2,800 of them died of various diseases.

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